Is adolescence considered a fixed phenomenon in Islamic Sharia, or is it merely Western deception?

Adolescence is the stage of approaching puberty. The adolescent is subject to specific jurisprudential rulings, among which is the command to pray at the age of seven and to be disciplined for not praying at ten, as stated in the Hadith. An adolescent's actions that would normally incur legal punishments are not held against him, because what is obligatory for an adult is merely recommended for him, and what is forbidden for an adult is only disliked for him. However, regarding the rights of others (Huquq al-Ibad), such as compensation for damages, a worker's wages, and a wife's maintenance, these are obligatory upon his wealth. If he does not fulfill them, then his guardian must fulfill them.