What is the ruling on a son not going to his parents at the weekend, and staying in Jeddah to maintain his prayers and studies? Is this considered disobedience?

If the parents are not distressed by the delay in visiting for a long holiday, then this is not considered disobedience (ʿUqūq). However, if they are distressed by it, then delaying is not permissible. Time must be organized so that prayer and studying are not neglected. It is encouraged to combine honoring parents with maintaining obligations and preserving time.