How can the meaning of "فَبَلَغْنَ أَجَلَهُنَّ" (then they have reached their term) be reconciled in the two noble verses, where in the first it is understood to be before the completion of the waiting period, and in the second, after its completion, despite this interpretation being read in several books of Quranic exegesis?

The meaning of "Balaghna Ajalahunn" (when they have reached their term) in the first verse is the approaching end of the waiting period ('iddah), and this is a form of metaphor where the name of the whole is applied to the majority. As for the second verse, its meaning is the arrival at the true end. There is another perspective that interprets "al-ajal" (the term) in the first verse as the last part of the time during which reconciliation is possible, and in the second verse as the complete end of the entire 'iddah period.