How should I arrange the prayers I missed due to sleep, taking into consideration congregational prayer and the time for the present prayer?

If you return tired and fear missing the Asr prayer due to sleep, some scholars have permitted combining the Dhuhr and Asr prayers by performing them early (taqdim). Others have permitted combining prayers for any need, provided it is not made a habit. If the fatigue is severe, it is permissible to combine prayers by performing them early (taqdim) if there is a valid excuse for combining at the beginning of both prayers, and with maintaining sequence (tartib) and immediate succession (muwalat) between them according to the majority of scholars. The view that requires immediate succession is more cautious.

If you sleep without combining prayers and wake up after the time for Maghrib has begun, there is no sin upon you because the pen is lifted from the sleeper. If you wake up after the time for Isha has begun, you pray Asr, then Maghrib, then Isha, observing the sequence. If the Maghrib prayer is being performed, you pray Maghrib with them, then make up Asr, and re-performing Maghrib is not necessary according to the most correct view, or you can join them with the intention of Asr, then pray Maghrib.

If you fear that the time for the current prayer will expire, you pray it, and the requirement of sequence is lifted from you.