Is the conflict with the Jews a religious one, citing the verse: "You will surely find the most intense of people in animosity toward the believers to be the Jews and those who associate others with Allah," and if so, what is the wisdom behind interfaith dialogue given the immutability and unchangeability of religions?

Disbelievers include those who are at war and those who are not. It is permissible to show kindness and benevolence to those who are not at war, provided there is no heartfelt alliance with them. The conflict with followers of false religions is religious, based on the doctrine of al-walāʾ wal-barāʾ (loyalty and disavowal). Interfaith dialogue is permissible if its purpose is to demonstrate the invalidity of their beliefs and invite them to Islam. However, if the goal is to acknowledge the validity of their religion, then it is not permissible.