What is the ruling on using the bidet (shattafa) if some feces fall onto the basin and water splashes back onto the posterior? What is the ruling on small paper particles remaining from tissues after cleaning oneself (istinja') from urine? What is the ruling on cockroaches, flies, and their eggs in the bathroom, and are they considered impure (najis) if they touch impurity and then move to other places? What is the ruling on water droplets that splash from the water used for istinja' onto the body and the floor, and must everything touched by these droplets be purified? What is the ruling on water droplets scattered on the rim of the toilet after flushing, and are they considered pure (tahir) or impure (najis)?

Firstly: Islamic law has blocked the door to obsessive thoughts (waswas) and forbidden their pursuit. The basic principle is to build upon certainty. So, unless it is known that impurity has afflicted a specific spot, the original state of that spot is purity.

Secondly: If a person performing istinja' (cleansing after relieving oneself) becomes certain that some impure water has touched their body, they are obligated to purify that spot.

Thirdly: The criterion for purification with tissues is to cleanse the area such that nothing remains except for the trace that cannot be removed except with water. This trace is excused. As for dust particles that fall to the ground, there is no obligation to purify them unless one intends to pray on them and is certain that they are impure.

Fourthly: Those who consider cockroaches impure do not obligate tracking them down and killing them. Rather, what is obligatory is to remove whatever falls from them onto the body or clothing of the worshipper.

Fifthly: Minor impurities that are imperceptible to the eye, such as what might be on the legs of flies, are excused due to the difficulty of guarding against them.