Who is the best prophet from the Children of Israel according to Islam?

The best of the prophets and messengers are the Ulul-Azm (Prophets of Strong Will): Muhammad, Noah, Abraham, Moses, and Jesus, peace be upon them. They are mentioned in the Holy Quran.

The best of the prophets of the Children of Israel is Moses, peace be upon him.

Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, is undeniably the best of the Ulul-Azm, followed by Abraham, then Moses, then Jesus, then Noah, peace be upon them.

Scholars have differed on the order of merit after Abraham, but the well-known opinion is that Moses is superior to Jesus.

As for Noah, there is no explicit text stating his superiority over Moses and Jesus or his being later than them. What is obligatory is to believe in his superiority after Abraham, without specifying his exact ranking with Moses and Jesus.