What is the ruling on missed prayers due to the unavailability of places for prayer or ablution, and is it permissible to make them up by combining and shortening them? And is it permissible to combine and shorten missed prayers? And what is the ruling on missing the Friday prayer?

The most important matter for a Muslim is their prayer. It is not permissible to delay the prayer beyond its appointed time, nor to combine it with another prayer except for a valid excuse. Deliberately delaying the prayer beyond its appointed time is among the major sins. The entire earth is a mosque, and when the time for prayer arrives, you perform ablution (wudu') or dry ablution (tayammum) and pray in your place. It is permissible to combine two prayers due to need, while completing the prayer, given that you are a resident. Attending Friday prayer is obligatory, and any missed prayers must be made up.