Which is more befitting: removing a harmful object from the road while being late for work, or bypassing the harmful object and continuing on one's way for fear of being late?

Removing harm from the road is desirable, and it becomes obligatory if there is a fear of it causing harm to anyone. If you are quite certain that harm will occur, and that no one will remove it, then remove it yourself, even if you are late for work. Explain the reason to your supervisor. If a deduction is made from your salary, we hope that Allah will grant you the reward of charity.