What is the ruling of Islamic law regarding the payment of the father’s debt to his children’s mother (deferred dower and value of gold) and the division of his estate, which consists of a house comprising a rented shop and two apartments, knowing that one of the apartments was built by the son with his own money and he lived in it for 15 years before leaving it?

First: The deferred dowry is a debt owed by the father to your mother and must be paid before the division of the inheritance. It should be repaid at its current value due to the decrease in the Egyptian pound's value.

Second: If it is proven that the father borrowed gold from the mother, it is another debt to be settled before the division of the inheritance, with gold of similar weight and quality.

Third: The debt of gold is not proven by the mother's statement alone; it requires two witnesses or the affirmation of the heirs.

Fourth: The rent of the shop after the father's death is a right for all heirs, and the mother is entitled to only one-eighth of it.

Fifth: All apartments left by the father are considered part of the inheritance and are to be divided among the heirs.

Sixth: The apartment that the brother built during the father's lifetime with his own money is also part of the inheritance, and the brother should be paid the value of his construction, whether it remains standing or is demolished.

Seventh: For the division of the inheritance, the heirs must be identified. If the man passed away leaving a wife, a son, and three daughters, the wife receives one-eighth, and the remainder is for the son and daughters by way of ta'sib (residuary heirship), with the male receiving the share of two females.