Are modern devices, such as display screens in mosques, classified as Bid'ah (innovation) if they cause fitna (temptation/discord) or negatively affect worship and solemnity, as in the case of displaying images of the Imam and men in the women's prayer area, which distracts women during the sermon and prayer?

Scholars have differed in defining innovation (bid'ah). Some broaden its meaning to include whatever is newly introduced after the era of prophethood, whether in worship, customs, or transactions, be it good or bad. Imam Al-Shafi'i followed this view. Others, like Imam Al-Shatibi, believe that innovation is limited to an invented method in religion that rivals legitimate practices and is intended to exaggerate devotion to God, and it is blameworthy in all cases.

The most authoritative view is that innovation refers only to matters newly invented in religion, which is indicated by the sacred texts that condemn innovation absolutely. What is newly introduced in worldly matters, such as industries and sciences that serve the Sharia (definition), is not innovation, because it has origins in Islamic law. Modern inventions like screens and loudspeakers in mosques are not considered innovation unless they are intended as acts of worship themselves.

As for the screen in the women's prayer area, it is not an innovation, but it should be considered from two perspectives: 1. Is transmitting images of living beings through it considered forbidden photography? If so, then it is prohibited not because it is an innovation, but because it is forbidden. 2. Does it distract the worshippers from attaining khushu' (devotion and humility) in prayer? If so, then it should not be placed.

The use of these screens in mosques is not favored. This issue falls under the jurisprudence of contemporary matters (fiqh al-nawazil), where scholarly opinions differ.