Is the Hadith that narrates the story of the merchant who was exposed to a thief and supplicated to God with "O Most Loving, O Most Loving..." and that an angel killed the thief authentic?

The story of Abu Mu'allaq al-Ansari was narrated by Ibn Abi al-Dunya in "Mujabu ad-Da'wah" and mentioned by Al-Hafiz Ibn Hajar in "Al-Isabah." There are differences in its wording from what was stated in the question, and its chain of narration contains weakness because Al-Hasan al-Basri narrated it from Anas using "an" (عن), without explicitly stating that he heard it directly. The final addition, starting from the words: "Indeed, Allah has taught you..." etc., was not mentioned in the aforementioned story.