What is the refutation against someone who believes that those who differ in the chapter of Allah's Names and Attributes should not be denounced, and calls for accepting this disagreement just as in matters of Fiqh?
Issues of knowledge and religion are of two types: The first type is that in which disagreement is permissible due to the parity of evidence or the absence of explicit texts. In this type, the dissenter is not condemned, and it does not become a cause for division, such as jurisprudential branches among the madhhabs, and some creedal issues disputed among the Salaf. Allah has forgiven this Ummah for its errors in factual and practical matters, and the Salaf did not issue rulings of disbelief (takfir) or فسق (fisq) in them. As for the second type, it is that in which disagreement is not permissible, and the dissenter is condemned therein. This includes issues agreed upon in creeds and jurisprudential branches. Among these are issues concerning the fundamentals of religion (Usul al-Din) regarding which the Salaf of the Ummah were in consensus about their opposition, such as unjustified allegorical interpretation (ta'wil) of Allah's attributes. However, this does not mean declaring the dissenter a disbeliever (kafir), an innovator (mubtadi'), or a fasiq, except after the establishment of the رسالية (Risaliyya) proof. Denouncing this disagreement and clarifying the truth in it is necessary.
Summarized from the full answer at Ftawy · reviewed Sep 2, 2026
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