Why did Abu Bakr not give Fatimah her share of the Fifth of Fadak and Khaybar, and was that in accordance with inheritance? And did Fatimah become angry with Abu Bakr, and what is the authenticity of Al-Sha’bi's narration regarding Abu Bakr seeking her forgiveness? And what was the reason for Ali burying Fatimah at night without informing Abu Bakr? And why did Umar give the wives of the Prophet from Khaybar but not give to Fatimah?

The answer is summarized in the following points:

The Prophet, peace be upon him, managed the fay' (spoils of war acquired without fighting) and ghanima (spoils of war acquired through fighting) in his capacity as a servant and messenger, allocating them as Allah commanded him, not as an owner. This is in accordance with his saying: "By Allah, I do not give to anyone nor do I withhold from anyone; I am merely a distributor, allocating as I have been commanded." Unlike zakat, ghanima, and inheritances, the beneficiaries of fay' were not definitively specified, which is why disputes arose over it after the death of the Prophet, peace be upon him. For this reason, it was not considered an inheritance for his heirs. Verses 7-10 of Surah Al-Hashr clarify that what Allah bestowed upon His Messenger as fay' is to be spent on those mentioned therein, without singling out one group over another. This is what the Prophet, peace be upon him, and the Rightly Guided Caliphs acted upon. Abu Bakr and Umar, may Allah be pleased with them both, did not deprive the relatives of the Prophet of their right to the fay' and ghanima; rather, they refused to grant ownership of the fay' land as an inheritance. This was confirmed by Ali's actions, may Allah be pleased with him, after them. Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, specifically allocated maintenance from the fay' for the wives of the Prophet, peace be upon him, after his death, because they were bound to him and had a special right to maintenance from it. He also gave them the choice between a land grant or receiving specific measures of produce (awsaq), which was a general option offered to everyone in preparation for the expulsion of the Jews from Khaybar.