Can a part of the responsibility for the sedition (fitna) be attributed to Uthman ibn Affan, may Allah be pleased with him, based on the views of some historians and the statement of Ibn Taymiyyah that people "resented him for things, some of which they are excused for" during the end of his caliphate, taking into account the converging internal causes of the sedition, and are there reliable historical sources (with authentic chains of narration) for studying the biography of the caliphs and refuting misconceptions?

Ibn Taymiyyah's statement: "During the first years of his caliphate, people did not find fault with Uthman in anything. However, in the latter years, they found fault with him in certain matters, some of which they were excused for, and in many of which Uthman himself was excused," does not indicate Uthman's responsibility for his killing. This is for two reasons:

1. Ibn Taymiyyah's statement was in the context of the disagreement between Uthman and some Companions, which differs from the disagreement of the instigators of sedition (Ahl al-Fitnah) who killed him. Ibn Taymiyyah considered them unjust, rebellious aggressors. 2. The disagreement was not a justification for killing him or rebelling against him, because what Uthman did was an exercise of ijtihad (independent reasoning), not oppression. Many scholars agreed with him, and the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, testified that Uthman would be killed unjustly. Scholars interpreted the "shirt" in the hadith as the caliphate.

For further benefit, there are books such as: "Fitnah Maqtal Uthman ibn Affan" by Muhammad Ghabban, "Tahqeeq Mawaqif al-Sahabah fi al-Fitnah" by Muhammad Amhazoun, "Asr al-Khilafah al-Rashidah" by Akram Diya al-Umari, "Al-Tarikh al-Islami" by Mahmoud Shaker, and "Mawsu'at al-Tarikh al-Islami."

It is recommended not to engage in refuting misconceptions for those who are not qualified to do so, and to focus on learning the religion, memorizing the Quran, studying the Sunnah and Sirah (Prophet's biography), and reading biographical books such as "Al-Isabah," "Al-Bidayah wa al-Nihayah," and "Siyar A'lam al-Nubala'," and to keep away from places of misleading and seditious individuals.