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What is the true interpretation of perfection (al-kamal), and is it through affirming attributes, negating them, or through assigning their knowledge to Allah (tafwid)?

1 min readAlso available in العربية

The topic of Ibn Taymiyyah's treatise on perfectibility (Al-Risalah al-Akamaliyyah) is based on two premises: The first is that perfection is established for Allah, and it is the utmost possible degree of perfectibility, such that there is no perfection except that it is affirmed for Him. The second is that it must be considered that perfection is possible in existence and free from any deficiency. Thus, Allah Almighty possesses absolute perfection, which encompasses all purely existent attributes of perfection that do not entail any deficiency.

Summarized from the full answer at Ftawy · reviewed Sep 2, 2026

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