Do married daughters have the right to demand their share of the dowry that their father took before his death, or is that considered the right of all heirs after his death?

The dowry is an exclusive right of the wife. Some jurists have permitted a father to take from his children's (males and females) wealth what does not harm them and what they do not need, citing the hadith: "You and your wealth belong to your father."

As for the right to reclaim from the inheritance what the father took from the dowry, if the taking was by way of a gift or in a legally permissible manner, then it is not permissible to reclaim it. However, if the father took what he was not permitted to take, then the son may reclaim it from the inheritance. This is the view of the majority of jurists who do not permit a father to take from his son's wealth except when he is in need.

Even according to the Hanbalis, who permit a father to take from his son's wealth even if he is not in need, it is permissible for them to reclaim from the inheritance what was a debt owed by the father. Matters of inheritance and disputes are resolved through the Sharia judiciary or arbitration.