Does saying "you are divorced" before consummating the marriage constitute divorce in a state of anger, and what is the ruling on marriage thereafter if one adopts the common opinion that such a divorce does not take effect?

If you divorced your wife before consummating the marriage, she has become irrevocably separated from you, and you are not permitted to take her back except with a new contract. However, your children from her are legitimate and are attributed to you, as long as you believed your taking her back was valid, because any marriage that the spouses believe to be valid establishes lineage. To rectify this marriage, you must establish a new contract that fulfills all its pillars and conditions.