Are not all types of philosophy forbidden, and is it valid to compare philosophical books that explain rational proofs to books that explain moral virtues?
Philosophy is the intellectual pursuit of the truths of things, leading to goodness. However, in reality, it is an engagement in scholastic theology (kalam) and the subjection of creedal matters to reason, which has led to serious deviations among philosophers. For this reason, the early Muslims (Salaf) warned against delving into it. Those who are not well-grounded in knowledge are warned against studying it. As for philosophical books that are free from Sharia violations and aim to refute atheists, there is no harm in reading them, bearing in mind that the methods of argumentation derived from revelation are the most appropriate and beneficial.
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Reviewed by El Fatwa's sharia committee.
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