How can one repent from insulting in a state of anger? And must the person who was insulted be informed of this? And is charity accepted as expiation for this sin?

One must suppress rage and anger. Allah Almighty has commanded the suppression of rage and forgiveness towards people, and has praised those who forgive when angry.

The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, repeatedly advised against anger, considering the strong person to be one who controls himself when angry, not the physically powerful.

Scholars have clarified that the prohibition of anger means avoiding its causes, or not acting upon what anger dictates, because it is a natural emotion that does not disappear.

Ibn Battal mentioned that striving against oneself is harder than striving against an enemy, and that anger leads to estrangement, and may even result in harming others.

Some scholars have likened anger to a fire that ignites and leads to physical and psychological changes, such as facial redness and trembling, loss of control in actions, generating hatred and envy, cursing and swearing, and perhaps even striking or killing.

It is pointed out that all of this pertains to worldly anger, whereas anger for the sake of Allah is praiseworthy.

To overcome anger, it is recommended to recall the virtue of suppressing rage and the consequences of anger, to seek refuge from Satan, and to perform ablution.

The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, was never abusive, obscene, or a curser.

It is advised to repent to Allah for cursing and aggression, to supplicate for good for those one has cursed, and to keep the tongue busy with remembrance of Allah and supplication.