Is expiation (kaffarah) for sexual intercourse during Ramadan obligatory, and how is it determined and paid? Does the wife bear part of it, or only the husband? What is the ruling on repeating this act, and what is the advice for not returning to it? How is repentance performed, and what is the ruling on fasting two consecutive months for expiation if an Eid intervenes?

Intentionally engaging in sexual intercourse during the daytime in Ramadan is a grave sin that entails sinfulness, invalidation of the fast, the obligation to abstain from food and drink for the rest of the day and make up the fast, and the severe expiation (emancipating a slave; if unable, then fasting for two consecutive months; if unable, then feeding sixty needy persons). There is no difference between ejaculation or its absence as long as penetration has occurred.

If a man ejaculates before penetration, he is not liable for expiation, but rather for sinfulness, making up the fast, and abstaining from food and drink. If intercourse was repeated, an expiation is required for each day. Whoever was ignorant of the obligation of expiation, it is still binding upon him, because ignorance of punishment is not an excuse.

Expiation is to be performed in order, not by choice. One may not move to a subsequent option unless they are unable to perform the preceding one. It is permissible to authorize charitable organizations to pay the expiation. It is permissible for the husband to pay the wife's expiation with her consent. It is permissible to transfer the expiation to a country in greater need.

A woman who engages in sexual intercourse during the daytime in Ramadan: 1. If she has a valid excuse (forced, forgetful, ignorant of the prohibition): Her fast is valid, and she is not liable for making up the fast or expiation. 2. If she has no valid excuse and is consenting: She is liable for expiation, just like the husband.

If a woman is obligated to fast for two consecutive months and her menstruation begins, the continuity is not broken. She breaks her fast, makes up the days of menstruation, and then completes the fasting. Likewise, breaking the fast on the day of Eid does not break the continuity.

If a woman breaks her fast by intercourse and then menstruates a few hours later, the obligation to make up the fast and the expiation are not dropped, because she committed the sin before the excuse occurred.