Is fasting obligatory for a daughter who has not reached the age of 13 and has not menstruated, and what is the ruling on her fasting after being diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes and her need for insulin? Is expiation (fidyah) obligatory for her, and what is its مقدار (amount) in cash or food? Is it permissible to send it outside the country?

A girl reaches puberty upon the discharge of seminal fluid, or the growth of coarse hair around the private parts, or reaching fifteen lunar years of age, or menstruation. If the girl has not reached puberty by menstruation or age, but coarse hair has grown around her private parts, then she has reached puberty. Otherwise, she is not held accountable.

If she is held accountable and is unable to fast due to a doctor's decision, she is permitted to break her fast and must make up the days she missed, based on the Almighty's saying: "And whoever is ill or on a journey - then an equal number of other days." Feeding a poor person is only sufficient for those who are permanently unable to make up the fast, such as an ill person whose recovery is not expected, or an elderly person, based on the Almighty's saying: "And upon those who are able to fast [but with extreme difficulty] - a ransom [for abstaining] of feeding a poor person."

If doctors determine that her illness is incurable and she cannot make up the fasts, she must feed a poor person for each day. If she cannot find someone to feed, she should delegate someone to feed on her behalf. The Hanafi school permits giving money, while the majority prohibit it, and the view of the majority is more cautious, which is to give food. There is no objection to transferring her for treatment abroad if the need arises.