How should a Muslim act appropriately and in accordance with Islamic law when afflicted by a calamity concerning himself, his wealth, or anything else?

Calamities are trials and tests from Allah, and a sign of His love for His servant. They elevate ranks and expiate sins. The believer must show patience and contentment with them, for they are good for him in this worldly life and the Hereafter. Furthermore, despair does not avert a calamity but rather increases it, and deprives its owner of the reward for patience. The afflicted person should take comfort in those who are patient and remember that trials can be a reason for removing arrogance and conceit, and that the bitterness of this world is the sweetness of the Hereafter, as some of the Salaf said: "Were it not for the calamities of this world, we would arrive on the Day of Resurrection bankrupt."