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The question

Is the prayer of one who is unable to bow and prays sitting on a chair at home valid?

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Source: FtawySummarized from the full answer at Ftawy · reviewed Sep 2, 20261 min readAlso available in العربية
The answer

If bowing (ruku') is difficult for you due to unbearable severe pain, then it is permissible for you to pray on a chair, indicating for the bowing from a standing position, or from a sitting position if you cannot indicate for it from standing. The indication (ima') for bowing is done by inclining the head downwards. Prostration (sujud) must be performed if possible; otherwise, you indicate for it, and the indication for prostration should be lower than that for bowing. Mere shyness about praying on a chair in the mosque is not an excuse for missing congregational prayer. The prayers you performed individually are valid, because congregational prayer is not a condition for the validity of the prayer.

Summarized from the full answer at Ftawy · reviewed Sep 2, 2026

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