Is analogy (qiyas) permissible in acts of worship ('ibadat)?

Analogical reasoning (Qiyas (definition)) in matters of worship is a disputed issue. The correct view is that it is not permissible in acts of worship that are tawqifiyyah (divinely ordained and fixed) and whose underlying reason ('illah) is unknown. However, it is permissible in matters where the 'illah is known. The fundamental principle regarding rulings on acts of worship is that they are not subject to rationalization ('illal), as they are based purely on devotion and submission. As for rulings concerning transactions and customs, they can be rationalized because they take into consideration the welfare of people. It is not permissible to apply qiyas in purely devotional matters, as this constitutes innovation in religion, such as in prayer, fasting, the prescribed amounts of zakat (definition), and pilgrimage. However, for matters whose 'illah is known, qiyas is permissible, such as analogizing the punishment for a wine drinker to the punishment for slander due to the harm inherent in it.