What is the ruling on divorce and the number of times it counts in the three aforementioned cases: suspending divorce upon a specific action and then breaking that condition, a father saying he divorced his son's wife without it actually happening, and suspending divorce upon a specific action and then that action occurring?

Your statement to your father, "I will divorce her," is not a divorce; it is merely a promise. As for conditional divorce, the prevalent opinion among us is that it occurs if you break your promise, and this is the view of the majority. Sheikh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah holds the view that swearing by divorce with the intention of emphasis or prevention, and not to effect a divorce, does not bring about a divorce, but rather necessitates an expiation for an oath (kaffarat yameen). In matters where there is disagreement, the common person follows what they believe to be the truth, either by examining the evidence and acting upon the most preponderant, or by emulating the one they trust most.