Is the presented explanation of the phrase "There is no god but Allah, alone, without partner, to Him belongs sovereignty, and to Him belongs praise, and He is over all things competent" correct, where each part represents a type of Tawhid (Oneness of God's Divinity, Oneness of God's Attributes, Oneness of God's Lordship)? And is the definition of Allah's Name "As-Samad" as the Self-Subsisting, by whose Self-Subsistence all creatures are in need, and the Rich, who is independent of all His creation, correct?
The first paragraph of the dhikr (remembrance) included the Oneness of Divinity (Tawhid al-Uluhiyyah), the second the Oneness of Lordship (Tawhid al-Rububiyyah), and the third affirmed the attribute of Power and the name "the All-Powerful" (al-Qadeer) for Allah, which falls under the Oneness of Names and Attributes. As for the name "al-Samad" (the Self-Sufficient/the Eternal Refuge), Sheikh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah mentioned two well-known interpretations: the first is that He is the One who has no cavity, and the second is that He is the Master to whom all needs are referred. Both are correct and do not contradict each other. Ibn al-Qayyim held that al-Samad is the One to whom hearts turn with desire and awe due to the perfection of His attributes, and that the word implies gathering, meaning that Allah encompasses all perfect attributes.
Summarized from the full answer at Ftawy · reviewed Sep 2, 2026
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