What is the ruling on praying by gesturing or interrupting prayer out of necessity due to harassment from non-Muslim family members? Is it permissible to pray in English or recite the Quran in English? And what is the ruling on covering the head and hands during prayer in such circumstances?

Prayer is a great obligation for which a Muslim has no excuse to abandon. Allah has eased its rulings for those with excuses. So, whoever cannot pray standing should pray sitting or lying down. Whoever cannot perform ablution should perform tayammum (definition). It is permissible to combine prayers when there is hardship, to interrupt prayer when there is fear, and to pray in a clean bathroom when necessary. It is permissible for one who has not memorized Al-Fatiha to say: "SubhanAllah, Walhamdulillah, Wa La Ilaha Illa Allah, Wallahu Akbar" (Glory be to Allah, and all praise be to Allah, and there is no god but Allah, and Allah is the Greatest). Supplicating in bowing and prostration in languages other than Arabic is permissible. A Muslim should pray in the clothes available to them if they cannot wear the prayer hijab (definition). Therefore, your prayer is valid, and you are not required to repeat it. You should do what you are able to, and what you are unable to do is waived. It is advised not to show one's Islam and prayer if there is fear of harm to oneself.