How do we respond to the specious argument of those who claim that the attribute of justice is absent in Allah’s way of providing sustenance and guidance, basing their argument on the fact that some seekers of truth are not guided despite their profound study of Islam and good character, and on the specious argument that some people are born with a deficiency in masculinity or with signs of masculinity in women, which leads them to commit sodomy?

What the questioner mentioned about the existence of someone who deeply studies Islam and loves it, yet whose heart is not guided, is merely a hypothesis. And assuming it were to occur, then whoever truly knows the truth of Islam with conviction yet does not believe in it, is merely following his whims and deserves punishment, as corroborated by the Almighty's saying: (And We will turn away their hearts and their eyes just as they did not believe in it the first time, and We will leave them in their transgression, wandering blindly.) and His saying: (So when they deviated, Allah caused their hearts to deviate. And Allah does not guide the defiantly disobedient people). Guidance and misguidance are solely in the hands of Allah; He guides whom He wills by His grace and has mercy on whom He wills, and He leads astray whom He wills by His justice and wisdom.