Is the current marital relationship considered permissible, especially after the utterance of phrases such as "you may have that" and "by God, if you say such and such, then you are not my wife," intended as a threat and deterrent under the influence of extreme anger, knowing that the wife is pregnant, and does this necessitate a Sharia-compliant divorce?

This formulation contains details: If your anger reaches the point of being overwhelming, then divorce does not occur. But if it does not reach that level, then if you intended divorce, it occurs; otherwise, it does not, because your statement "you have that" is an indirect expression (kinaya), and divorce does not occur through an indirect expression except with intention. As for your oath concerning her, nothing is binding on you as long as she has not done what was sworn against. So, keep your wife, fear Allah, and abandon these obsessive thoughts.