Is it permissible for me to stop attending congregational prayers at the mosque due to extreme time constraints from studying medicine?

The claim that prayer or congregational prayer hinders one's studies is a deception from Satan. Obedience to Allah and prayer performed on time are among the greatest means of achieving worldly benefits. Allah has commanded us to seek help through patience and prayer. Obedience to Allah facilitates matters, and "whoever fears Allah - He will make for him ease in his affair." Therefore, do not let Satan prevent you from worship. Instead, strive to organize your time to achieve a balance between your duties. Congregational prayer is obligatory for adult men, and performing it in the mosque is more meritorious and earns greater reward. You should supplicate to Allah to facilitate matters for you and to grant you success in organizing your time and prioritizing Allah's right above all else.