Is it Shariah-compliant to sell goods while they are in transit to me, before I take possession of them or pay their price, knowing that I do not bear responsibility for them in case they are stolen or damaged?

It is permissible to purchase an absent commodity, and it remains under the seller's guarantee, unless the seller stipulates that the guarantee is on the buyer. It is not permissible to sell food before taking possession of it, by consensus. As for other commodities, there is disagreement. The majority prohibit their sale before possession, while the Malikis permit it. The criterion for the permissibility of selling a commodity is whether it has been taken possession of or not, not the payment of its price.