What is the refutation of the Mu'tazilah regarding the precedence of the word "Al-Azeez" (the All-Mighty) over "Al-Hameed" (the All-Praiseworthy) in Surat Ibrahim?
The Mu'tazilah were not found to have an opinion that contradicted the Sunnis regarding the precedence of "Al-ʿAzīz" (The All-Mighty) over "Al-Ḥamīd" (The Praiseworthy). Some theologians believe that the reason for presenting "Al-ʿAzīz" before "Al-Ḥamīd" is that the first thing known about Allah is His power (Al-ʿAzīz), followed by His knowledge and richness (Al-Ḥamīd). The Mu'tazilah cited the verse from Abraham (1) to negate compulsion, claiming that it indicates people emerge from darkness by their own choice and through the actions of the Messenger via the Book. The Sunnis hold a moderate view on this issue, believing that everything occurs by Allah's decree and destiny, and that the actions of people are by their own will and ability without compulsion. Furthermore, the Mu'tazilah believe that Allah does not commit evil, given that He is all-powerful, all-knowing, and all-rich. "Al-ʿAzīz" refers to the perfection of His power, and "Al-Ḥamīd" to His deserving of praise in His actions due to the perfection of His knowledge and richness.
Summarized from the full answer at Ftawy · reviewed Sep 2, 2026
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