Is consensus considered a definitive or presumptive proof, and are its evidences derived from definitive or presumptive proofs?
Source: FtawySummarized from the full answer at Ftawy · imported Sep 2, 2026
The majority of scholars hold that Ijma' (consensus) is a definitive proof (hujjah qat'iyyah), while Al-Razi and Al-Amidi were of the opinion that it is a probabilistic proof (hujjah dhanniyyah). Some verifying scholars have favored the view that Ijma' can be both definitive and probabilistic: that which definitively ascertains no opposition is definitive, and that which does not definitively ascertain is probabilistic. Al-Isfahani attributed the view of its definitive nature to the majority, such that its opponent would be deemed an infidel, misguided, or an innovator, whereas Al-Razi and Al-Amidi disagreed with him.
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