What is the ruling on studying worldly sciences and forsaking study for the sake of gaining deep understanding of the religion?
Studying worldly sciences that benefit humanity, such as engineering, medicine, and mathematics, is a communal obligation (fard kifaya). If these sciences are entirely abandoned, societies would decline, and some acts of worship would be impeded. A Muslim who wishes to specialize in these sciences should learn them with the intention of fulfilling this obligation. However, learning these sciences does not permit turning away from the teachings of religion. Rather, a Muslim must correct their creed, learn the rulings of their worship, and not undertake any action except after knowing Allah's ruling on it. Studying worldly sciences does not contradict gaining a deep understanding of religion. Islam calls for moderation: do not abandon worldly sciences by becoming preoccupied solely with religion, nor abandon Sharia sciences by becoming engrossed in worldly matters. Every individual should learn what is necessary for their individual obligation (fard ayn), and then specialize in what the Ummah needs. The community's need for Sharia specialists may even be more urgent.
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