Is it permissible to make up a day from the past Ramadan when there are 14 days remaining until [the next] Ramadan, and is expiation (kaffarah) obligatory along with making it up (qadaa’)?

Fasting to make up for missed Ramadan days must be done in Sha'ban before the next Ramadan arrives. No expiation (kaffara) is required for delaying the make-up fast until Sha'ban. Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, used to make up her fasts in Sha'ban due to her being occupied with the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him. Making up fasts does not fall under the prohibition of fasting after the middle of Sha'ban.