What is the ruling on establishing a charcoal kiln from which smoke emanates, affecting the health of the villagers and their children? And are the villagers accountable for their passivity towards this charcoal kiln?

It is not permissible to establish factories that cause harm in residential areas, because Islamic law prohibits harming believers, especially neighbors. The rights of neighbors are among the greatest rights, and harming them is one of the major sins. "Whoever has wronged his brother should seek his forgiveness today before there are no dinars or dirhams."

The warning against harming believers is particularly emphasized for neighbors, as the perfection of faith is only achieved by avoiding harm to neighbors. Indeed, whoever harms his neighbor is denied faith. "He will not enter Paradise whose neighbor is not safe from his mischief." The first two litigants on the Day of Judgment will be neighbors.

If the harm caused by a neighbor reaches a level that makes his neighbor leave his home, then the one causing harm is at risk of a swift punishment that will destroy him. Jurists have mentioned rulings that prevent a person from disposing of his property in a way that harms his neighbor.

The residents of the village have the right to دفع هذا الضرر (repel this harm) by advising the factory owners and warning them with Allah. If they do not desist, they should escalate the matter to the authorities. Coexisting with injustice while having the ability to repel it is weakness and negligence. A nation in which justice is not administered and the weak do not receive their rights is not sacred.

Failing to remove evil despite having the ability to do so is a grave sin. Forgiving the oppressor is not always preferable; rather, seeking victory may be better if forgiveness leads to the oppressor persisting in his injustice.