Is it obligatory to make up for (missed fasts) for one who masturbated during the daytime in Ramadan while unaware of its prohibition, and what if this occurred repeatedly over most days of several previous Ramadans?

There is no qaḍāʾ (making up for missed fasts) upon an ignorant person who masturbated during the day in Ramaḍān, because the breaking of the fast by masturbation may be unknown to many people. If one is ignorant of the ruling, then the fast is not broken. However, some scholars do not waive qaḍāʾ due to ignorance, and according to them, all days in which masturbation occurred must be made up. It is incumbent upon the one who did this to make sincere repentance by abstaining from the sin, resolving not to return to it, and regretting what has passed.