Should missed prayers be made up in congregation or individually, and was our action correct when we made up the Fajr prayer individually after sunrise?

The congregational performance of missed prayers is legislated due to the agreed-upon hadith of Abu Qatadah, when they overslept and missed the Fajr prayer, and the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, led his companions in performing it congregationally. Also, Ibn Qudamah said: "It is recommended to perform missed prayers in congregation, for on the Day of the Trench, the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, missed four prayers and performed them in congregation." And Ibn Uthaymeen said: "It is also inferred from the hadith of Abu Qatadah that the congregation is legislated for it - meaning for the performed missed prayer - if they are a group, because the performance of a missed prayer imitates the original performance."

Accordingly, it is preferable for the adhan to be called, and the supererogatory prayers to be performed individually, then the iqamah for prayer is called, and the prayer is performed in congregation.