Is it the case that whoever denies the claims that the sky is space, not a built body, and disbelieves the texts of the Quran, is considered an infidel (kafir)? And how can one reconcile the verses of the Quran that speak of the sky as a "preserved roof," and "seven strong [heavens]," and "He constructed it with hands," with scientific knowledge that describes the sky as space composed of gases and radiation, and not a solid body?

The term "sky" (السماء) refers to the high altitude or the constructed heavens, which are seven heavens, each with its gates. Above them are water, then the Kursi (Footstool), and then the 'Arsh (Throne). The Qur'an and Sunnah indicate that they are constructed. What the atheistic disbelievers claim, and those who imitate them, that the sky is merely space and not a constructed body, is disbelief (kufr), atheism (ilhad), and a denial of the texts of the Qur'an. Modern science has not reached the lowest heaven, and no one has the right to deny what they have not yet reached.