Is it permissible to pray for illness upon oneself, and is it permissible for a person to forgo treatment and contend with illness with patience and seeking reward from God, taking into consideration the actions of the Companions, such as Ubayy ibn Ka’b and Mu’adh ibn Jabal, who prayed for illness upon themselves, and how can these actions be reconciled with the Prophet’s — peace and blessings be upon him — urging of medical treatment and seeking well-being?

A Muslim is not permitted to supplicate against themselves with illness or calamities. The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "Do not supplicate against yourselves except with good, for indeed the angels say 'Ameen' to what you say." However, wishing for martyrdom when its causes are present, such as death by plague, is permissible. It is also commendable to ask for well-being. Medical treatment is permissible or commendable, and one may choose to forgo it and endure with patience. Some scholars have even held that it is obligatory if one fears perishing.