Is it permissible for one who can find neither water nor dust to perform supererogatory prayers and recite the Qur’an while in a state of major ritual impurity (janabah)?
The most probable opinion is that a person who lacks both means of purification (water and earth for ) should perform the obligatory prayer only, according to their current state, without supererogatory prayers. They are not required to repeat the prayer, but repeating it as a precaution is better. This is supported by the narration in Muslim regarding the incident of Aisha's lost necklace and the revelation of the Tayammum verse. If they pray and then find water or earth, they are not obligated to repeat the prayer, according to the more accurate of the two narrations, which is the view of the majority of scholars. Some Shafi'i scholars have stipulated that a person who lacks both means of purification should not recite anything from the Qur'an in prayer other than Al-Fatihah.
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