What is the ruling on a debtor taking an interest-bearing loan to pay off his debts, and what is the ruling on the creditor in this case, and is he considered complicit in the sin of usury if he does not waive his debt?

It is not permissible for the debtor to borrow with interest to pay off his debt except in cases of necessity that would lead to significant harm, such as imprisonment. Otherwise, it is obligatory to grant the indigent a respite. It is not forbidden for the creditor to accept this money in settlement of the debt, because the prohibition of usury is connected to the borrower's responsibility, not to the essence of the loan.