Are bodies that are not called to be worshipped, such as the sun, trees, idols, and stones, considered Taghut? And are devout Muslims, such as Imam Al-Shafi'i, considered Taghut because people worship them or their graves?

Not everything worshipped besides Allah is a Taghut. The correct understanding is that a Taghut is anything that has transgressed against Allah and is worshipped besides Him, either through coercion or obedience. Ibn Jarir al-Tabari mentioned that the origin of Taghut is from "tagha," meaning to exceed one's limits. The prophets and righteous individuals did not compel people to worship them; rather, they warned against it. The purpose of sending messengers was to invite people to monotheism and to shun the Taghut, as stated in His Almighty's saying: ﴿And We have certainly sent into every nation a messenger, [saying], "Worship Allah and avoid Taghut"﴾ [An-Nahl: 36].

Prophets or scholars are not called Taghuts, even if they are worshipped besides Allah, because the sin falls upon the polytheist, not upon the one who was worshipped while being innocent of it, as Allah Almighty said concerning Jesus, peace be upon him: ﴿I did not tell them except what You commanded me – to worship Allah, my Lord and your Lord﴾ [Al-Ma'idah: 117]. Thus, Taghuts are those who are worshipped besides Allah and are pleased with it. As for the monotheist prophets and scholars, they are not pleased with being worshipped besides Allah; rather, they forbid it.