What is the similarity between the repentance of an apostate and the repentance of an original disbeliever, and is it sufficient for an original disbeliever to embrace Islam by uttering the two testimonies while acknowledging the existence of previous مكفرات (disbelief-inducing acts) that he has not abandoned?

Firstly, the wording of the two Shahadas (declarations of faith) for entering Islam differs depending on the condition of the disbeliever. For an original disbeliever (one not previously adhering to a monotheistic religion that Islam acknowledges), simply uttering the two Shahadas may suffice. However, it may not be sufficient if he holds another disbelief, such as the divinity of Jesus or the denial of resurrection. In such cases, he must disavow the disbelief he holds. The jurists have unanimously agreed that a disbeliever who affirms monotheism but denies the prophethood of Muhammad (peace be upon him) is not deemed a Muslim until he says, "Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah." If he believes Muhammad's message was only for the Arabs, he is not deemed a Muslim until he affirms that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah to all mankind, or disavows every religion that contradicts Islam. As for one who disbelieved by denying an obligatory act or by deeming a prohibited act permissible, his Islam is not valid except by uttering the two Shahadas and retracting what he believed.

Secondly, the statements of the jurists pertain to the apparent ruling of Islam. Thus, one whose belief is known is required to contradict it, but they are not burdened with investigating what is unknown. One who utters the two Shahadas while inwardly disbelieving is outwardly judged as a Muslim and is considered a hypocrite. However, in reality, anyone who persists in any form of disbelief is not a Muslim. And whoever changes their religion in official documents to Christianity or Judaism is a disbeliever outwardly and inwardly, unless they are compelled.