Is it permissible to divide the expiatory payment (fidya) for the Ramadan fast on behalf of the deceased, such that half of it is given to a needy person and the other half to the sister who is in need of treatment, with the second part's payment delayed until after Ramadan?

Whoever is afflicted with an incurable illness is permitted to break their fast and must feed one poor person for each day. If they die before feeding the poor, this obligation is taken from their estate. If one of the heirs or others volunteers to feed on their behalf, there is no harm in that.

As for a sick person whose recovery is hoped for, they are obliged to make up the days they missed fasting. If they die before being able to make up the days, there is no obligation upon them. However, if they die after recovering and were able to make up the days but did not, then it is obligatory to feed one poor person for each day on their behalf, and their guardian may fast on their behalf.

For one who dies owing missed fasts of Ramadan (definition) and whose excuse (like illness or travel) persisted until death, nothing is obligatory upon their heirs. However, if they were able to make up the fasts but did not do so until they died, there are two opinions:

1. The more common and sound opinion: It is obligatory to give out one mudd of food (about 1.5 kg of rice or similar) from their estate for each day, and it is not permissible for their guardian to fast on their behalf. 2. The other opinion (preferred by some scholars): It is permissible for their guardian to fast on their behalf, and this is valid and suffices for the feeding, based on the hadith (definition) of Aisha: "Whoever dies owing fasts, their guardian should fast on their behalf," and other hadiths.

In the case of feeding, 1.5 kg of rice should be given for each day, and it is permissible to give it to one poor person or several poor people, or to provide cooked food. According to the majority of scholars, it is not permissible to give money instead of food.

It is permissible to give food to a needy sister if the sister is not an heir, or if the one paying the expiation does not inherit from her. However, if the one paying the expiation is an heir, it is not permissible to give her from the expiation, because her sustenance is an obligation upon him if he is able.