What is the ruling on Friday Prayer if its time clashes with university lectures that are essential for the student's understanding of difficult specialized subjects?

The matter does not differ from what was mentioned in the fatwa referenced. If you are able to study the materials alone or with the help of others, outside of Jumu'ah time, even for an affordable fee, then it is not permissible for you to miss it. If you are unable to, and your absence from the class results in harm to your livelihood (due to failure or incurring new costs), then seek a university where the study schedule does not conflict with prayer times. If that is not possible, then it is permissible for you to miss Jumu'ah and pray Dhuhr instead. A Muslim should fear Allah and make prayer a top priority.