What are the conditions for the validity of prayer?

The conditions for the validity of prayer are those upon which its correctness depends, such that if any condition is missing, the prayer is invalid. These are: 1. Entry of Time: Prayer is not valid before its prescribed time, by consensus, due to the Almighty's saying: ﴿Indeed, prayer has been decreed upon the believers at specified times.﴾ (An-Nisa: 103). 2. Concealing the Awrah (private parts): Whoever prays exposing their awrah, their prayer is invalid, due to the Almighty's saying: ﴿O children of Adam, take your adornment at every masjid (place of prayer).﴾ (Al-A'raf: 31). 3. Purity from Hadath (ritual impurity, major and minor): Whoever prays while ritually impure, their prayer is invalid by consensus, due to the saying of the Prophet (peace be upon him): "Allah does not accept the prayer of anyone of you if he passes wind until he performs ablution." 4. Purity from Najasa (impurities): On the body, clothing, and place. Whoever prays with impurity on them, knowing it and remembering it, their prayer is invalid. 5. Facing the Qiblah: Whoever prays a obligatory prayer facing away from the Qiblah while able to face it, their prayer is void by consensus, due to the Almighty's saying: ﴿So turn your face toward Al-Masjid Al-Haram.﴾ (Al-Baqarah: 144). 6. Intention (Niyyah): Whoever prays without intention, their prayer is void, due to the saying of the Prophet (peace be upon him): "Actions are but by intentions."

Added to these conditions specific to prayer are the general conditions for every act of worship, which are: Islam, sanity, and discernment. Thus, the conditions for the validity of prayer are, in total, nine: Islam, sanity, discernment, removal of hadath, removal of impurity, concealing the awrah, entry of time, facing the Qiblah, and intention.