Should a woman, whose menstruation has ceased for years, and who then noticed a black fluid in the vagina that did not exit, followed by a little red blood and black fluid upon dabbing with a cloth, abstain from prayer, or should she perform ghusl and make up the prayers missed in the past two days?

The basic principle regarding blood discharge from a woman is that it is menstrual blood unless it exceeds fifteen days. There is no specific age for menopause. Menstrual blood can be black, red, or yellowish. Its presence inside the vagina is sufficient to classify it as menstruation; it is not a condition for it to exit the vagina. Therefore, a woman must stop praying when she sees blood until she becomes pure, unless the blood discharge exceeds fifteen days, in which case she is considered to be experiencing istihada (non-menstrual vaginal bleeding).