Which forbidden acts require the hadd punishment to be carried out?
The sins that necessitate the imposition of hudud (punishments) are seven: murder, apostasy, adultery, false accusation (qadhf), consumption of intoxicants, theft, and highway robbery (hirabah). Murder is of three types: intentional, whose punishment is qisas (retribution in kind), or blood money (diyah), or forgiveness. Semi-intentional, whose punishment is expiation () and blood money. Accidental, whose punishment is expiation and blood money. The punishment for apostasy from Islam is death after seeking repentance (istitabah). As for adultery, the punishment for the unmarried (virgin) is one hundred lashes and exile for one year, while the punishment for the married (previously married) is stoning. The perpetrator and recipient of sodomy are to be killed. The punishment for false accusation is eighty lashes. The punishment for consuming intoxicants is eighty or forty lashes. The punishment for theft is cutting off the right hand. The punishment for highway robbery is death, or crucifixion, or cutting off hands and feet from opposing sides, or banishment from the land. Aggressors and rebels are to be included with these, and it is permissible to repel their evil by killing them.
Summary from Ftawy's records · added here
Reviewed by El Fatwa's sharia committee.
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